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Saturday, June 30, 2012

BHEESHMA-TET-GINGEE

BHEESHMA TET CENTRE-GINGEE
STUDY MATERIAL-PAPER-I
SYLLABLES

A syllable is a unit of pronunciation uttered without interruption, loosely, a single sound. All words are made from at least one syllable.
Monosyllables have only one vowel sound; Disyllables have two vowel sound trisyllables have three vowel sound tetrasyllables have four vowel sound polysyllables have more than one. If a syllable ends with a consonant, it is called a closed syllable. If a syllable ends with a vowel, it is called an open syllable.
 Singular Plural

                                                     singular + -s                                                                

singular
plural
a car
two cars
a cassette
two cassettes
a lamp
two lamps
a hat
two hats
a cup
two cups

 Add -es after x,ch,sh,o,s,ss: 

singular
plural
a box
two boxes
a sandwich
two sandwiches
a suitcase
two suitcases
a rose
two roses
a garage
two garages

                                 Substitute y after consonant with -ies             

singular
plural
a city
two cities
a lady
two ladies

Add -s after vowel + y

singular
plural
a boy
two boys
a day
two days




                                                                       Nouns on -f or -fe    

add -s
substitute with -ves
singular
plural
singular
plural
a roof
two roofs
a thief
two thieves
a cliff
two cliffs
a wife
two wives
a sheriff
two sheriffs
a shelf

two shelves                               


Some nouns can have two plural forms:
buffalo - buffalos/buffaloes
mosquito - mosquitos/mosquitoes
tornado - tornados/tornadoes
There is no rule when to use -s or -es.
We often add -s with technical words


Nouns on -o form the plural by adding -s or -es

add -s
substitute with -ves
singular
plural
singular
plural
a disco
two discos
a tomato
two tomatoes
a piano
two pianos
a potato
two potatoes
a photo
two photos
a hero
two heroes








singular
plural
 a man
two men
a woman
two women
a child
two children
a mouse
two mice
A tooth
Two teeth


ARTICLES
Indefinite articles
A-       used before words starting with consonant sounds(b to z except a,e,i,o,u)
Example:a Banana ,a car
B-      AN- used before words starting with vowel sounds(a,e,i,o,u)
Example:an Elephant ,an english teacher

Definite article
THE- we use the when you know that the listener knows or can work out what particular person/thing you are talking about.
Example:The apple,The car,The girl


BHEESHMA TET CENTRE-GINGEE
STUDY MATERIAL-PAPER-I
Prefixes

We use prefixes to change meaning. They never change the part of speech. (Most suffixes change the part of speech.)
• Many prefixes give a word a meaning which is the opposite or negative of the original. For example, we can use the prefixes dis or un:
dis + appear - disappear
un + tie - untie

prefix
meaning / use
example
anti + adjective/noun
opposite
anti- clockwise/ anti-climax
anti + noun / adjective
against
anti-theft device / anti-European
co + noun / verb
together
cohabit
dis + verb
negative/opposite
dislike / disembark
il + adjective
opposite
illegal
im + adjective
 opposite
impossible
in+adjective
opposite
indirect
inter + adjective
between
intercontinental
ir + adjective
opposite
irregular
mis + verb
wrongly/ badly
mistook / mishandle
over + verb
too much
overwork
out + verb
more
outnumber
post + noun / verb
after
postgraduate
pre + noun / verb
before
pre- arrangement
pro + noun / adjective
in favour of
pro-Unions / pro-European
sub + adjective
below
substandard
super + noun/ adjective
greater than
superhuman
trans + noun / verb /
across
transplant /transcontinental
un + verb / adjective
negative / opposite
unlock / unhappy
under + verb
not enough/too little
undercook / undercharge
SUFFIX
§                    In linguistics, a suffix (also sometimes called a postfix or ending) is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate thegrammatical case of nouns or adjectives, and verb endings, which form the conjugation of verbs. Particularly in the study of Semitic languages, a suffix is called an afformative, as they can alter the form of the words to which they are fixed.  Some derivational suffixes in present day English: -s third person singular present
Girls, where the suffix -s marks the plural.
He makes, where suffix -s marks the third person singular present tense.
It closed, where the suffix -ed marks the past tense.
De beaux jours, where the suffix -x marks the plural.
Elle est passablement jolie, where the suffix -e marks the feminine form of the adjective
§                    -ed past tense
§                    -ing progressive/continuous
§                    -en past participle
§                    -s plural
§                    -en plural (irregular)
§                    -er comparative
§                    -est superlative
§                    -n't negative[4]  SOME MORE SUFFIXES


BHEESHMA TET CENTRE-GINGEE
TEST -PAPER-I
A)Mono syllable B)Di syllable C)Tri syllable D)poly syllable
1.Catch 2.Bear 3.Comic 4.Nature 5.Constitution 6.Education 7.Administration 8.Examination 9.Bheeshma 10.fly

Find the plural forms from the given options(questions11-20)


11.Tomato
A) tomatos B) tomatoes C)tomatoies D)tomato
12.Box
A) Boxes   B) Boxs        C) Boxer     D)Boxies
13.Child
A) childs    B ) children C) childes   D) chilled
14.Bangle
A) Bangles B) Bagles C) Banglees D)Banglies
15.King Henry had many___(wife)
A) wifes      B) wives   C) wife          D) wifees
16.There are ten___(bench) in our class
A) bench   B) benchees C) benches D) benchs
17.The ___(deer) were living in the forest
A) deer     B) deers        C) deeres    D) deeries
18.The tailor uses many  ___(scissors)
A) scissors B) scissores C) scissor D) None
19.The ___(mouse)were chased by the cat.
A) Mouses B) maize C) mice        D) maice
20.Autuumn __(leaf) are so beautiful
A)leafs       B)leaves   C)leave       D)leafes

Choose the appropriate articles(questions 21-30)

A)’a’ B)’an C.’The’ D)None
21. ......... President of the United States will be visiting Australia next week.
22. Can you please help me pick out ......... birthday present for my father?
23. How much will it cost to go on ......... holiday to Singapore?
24. I couldn't believe my eyes when I saw ....elephant crossing the road in front of my school yesterday.
25. My brother won an award for being ......... best speller in our school.
26. I like to watch tennis on television. It is ......... very good game.
27. Please meet me at the train station in ......... hour from now.
28. Can you please go to ......... grocery store on Fifth Street and buy 2 litres of milk?
29. I want to buy ......... laptop computer next week.
30.____patient must be discharged today.

Choose the appropriate affixes(prefix,suffix)

31. He was acting in a very___(child) way
A)  child B)  children C)  childish D)   childly
32.She looked__(happy) She started to cry. 
A) happier B) unhappy C) happily D) happiest
33.The team that he supported were able to win the ___(champion)
A)   champions B)   championship
C)    unchampion D ) dischampion
34. I couldn't find any ____(weak)in his theory
A) weak B) unweak C) weakness D) weaken
35. He wants to be a ____(Mathematics)
A)maths B)mathematics C)mathematician D)mathematic
36.The boy___(behave)in the class
A) inbehave B) misbehave C) behaviour D) behaved
37.We are___(qualify)him because of his mistake
A) qualifying D) misqualifying C) disqualifying D)unqualify
38.He is an____(regular) student
A) regular B) unregular C) irregular D) regularity
39.He___(like) me
A) unlike B) likely C) mislike D) dislikes
40.We should make__(arrangements)before the class.
A)  pre arrangements B)  prearrangements
C)  arranging D)  arrangmens





                                                                 ALL THE BEST—BHEESHMA TET---GINGEE

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